British authorities arrested Gandhi in March 1922 and tried him for sedition; he was sentenced to six years in prison but was released in 1924 after undergoing an operation for appendicitis. Today, with about 900 million followers, Hinduism is the third-largest religion behind Christianity and Islam. He was a huge leader during that era and his thoughts helped catalyze the Indian independence movement.
But, besides the Vaishnava Author of India: The transfer of power and the birth of two countries Drawn back into the political fray by the outbreak of After the Labor Party took power in Britain in 1947, negotiations over Indian home rule began between the British, the Congress Party and the Muslim League (now led by Jinnah). During the march, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from his religious retreat near Ahmedabad to the Arabian Sea An influential leader in the Indian independence movement and political heir of Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru became the nation’s first prime minister in 1947.
At 13, Gandhi, whose father was the “diwan,” or chief minister, of a series of small princely states in western India, wed Kasturba Makanji (1869-1944), then also a teen and the daughter of a merchant. Liberal politicians thought he was proposing too much change too quickly, while young radicals lambasted him for not proposing enough.
In 1906, after the Transvaal government passed an ordinance regarding the registration of its Indian population, Gandhi led a campaign of civil disobedience that would last for the next eight years. “The woes of the Mahatmas,” he wrote, “are known only to the Mahatmas.” His fame spread worldwide during his lifetime and only increased after his death.
Beneath an unprepossessing exterior, he concealed a burning passion for self-improvement that led him to take even the heroes of Hindu mythology, such as In 1887 Mohandas scraped through the matriculation examination of the University of Bombay (now Meanwhile, his family was debating his future. Finally, under pressure from the British and Indian governments, the government of South Africa accepted a compromise negotiated by Gandhi and General Jan Christian Smuts, which included important concessions such as the recognition of Indian marriages and the abolition of the existing poll tax for Indians.In July 1914, Gandhi left South Africa to return to India.
Along with his wife, Kasturbai, and their children, Gandhi remained in South Africa for nearly 20 years.Did you know? He employed non-violent principles and peaceful disobedience as a means to achieve his goal. Gandhi was a teenage newlywed. In the famous Salt March of April-May 1930, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from Ahmadabad to the Arabian Sea.
Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.
Former Director, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library, New Delhi.
During its final phase in 1913, hundreds of Indians living in South Africa, including women, went to jail, and thousands of striking Indian miners were imprisoned, flogged and even shot.
Gandhi was ahead of his time and humankind still has a lot to learn from him.
Britannica Premium: Serving the evolving needs of knowledge seekers. Constructed over a 20-year period on the southern bank of the Yamuna River in Agra, India, the famed complex is one of the most Hinduism is the world’s oldest religion, according to many scholars, with roots and customs dating back more than 4,000 years.
During Gandhi's life, India was a colony of the United Kingdom, but wanted independence.
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